Signalling through pigment dispersing hormone-like peptides in invertebrates

During recent decades, several research teams engaged in unraveling the molecular structure and the physiological significance of pigment dispersing hormone-like peptides, particularly with respect to colour change and biological rhythms. In this review, we first summarise the entire history of pigment dispersing hormone-like peptide research, thus providing a steppingstone for those who are curious about this growing area of interest. Next, we try to bring order in the plethora of experimental data on the molecular structure of the various peptides and receptors and also discuss immunolocalisation, time-related expression and suggested functions in crustaceans, insects and nematodes. In addition, a brief comparison with the vertebrate system is made.

Research highlights▶ History of pigment dispersing hormone-like peptide research. ▶ Summary of experimental data on the molecular structure of the various peptides and receptors. ▶ Discussion of (immuno)localisation and time-related expression. ▶ Functions in crustaceans, insects and nematodes.