Global warming, habitat shifts and potential refugia for biodiversity conservation in the neotropical Guayana Highlands

► We model altitudinal habitat shifts on Neotropical mountains' endemic flora under global warming. ► We assess the degree of threat of each individual mountain to establish conservation priorities. ► Around 50% of the mountains will lose the entire potential habitat by 2099. ► Habitat reduction will exceed 80% and many patches will disappear. ► We identify 21st century refugia suitable for species conservation.