Principal eigenvalues and an anti-maximum principle for homogeneous fully nonlinear elliptic equations

We study the fully nonlinear elliptic equationequation(0.1)F(D2u,Du,u,x)=fF(D2u,Du,u,x)=f in a smooth bounded domain Ω, under the assumption that the nonlinearity F is uniformly elliptic and positively homogeneous. Recently, it has been shown that such operators have two principal “half” eigenvalues, and that the corresponding Dirichlet problem possesses solutions, if both of the principal eigenvalues are positive. In this paper, we prove the existence of solutions of the Dirichlet problem if both principal eigenvalues are negative, provided the “second” eigenvalue is positive, and generalize the anti-maximum principle of Clément and Peletier [P. Clément, L.A. Peletier, An anti-maximum principle for second-order elliptic operators, J. Differential Equations 34 (2) (1979) 218–229] to homogeneous, fully nonlinear operators.