A super-efficiency model based on improved outputs in data envelopment analysis

This paper addresses “super-efficiency” issue based on improved outputs. Although the method is similar to an output-oriented version of Andersen and Petersen’s model [P. Andersen, N.C. Petersen, A procedure for ranking efficient units in data envelopment analysis, Management Science 39 (10) (1993) 1261–1264] (called AP model) under variable returns to scale, it is not limited to use the input amounts of evaluating DMU, therefore, it differs from AP approach. We can obtain a total ordering of DMUs by using this method. The proposed method will be particularly useful when getting an input combination for improving outputs is suitable for decision makers.