کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
4658919 1344293 2013 8 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
On a surface singular braid monoid
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
در یک سطح مونوئید بافت تک مسیح
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه ریاضیات هندسه و توپولوژی
چکیده انگلیسی

We introduce a monoid corresponding to knotted surfaces in four space, from its hyperbolic splitting represented by marked diagram in braid like form. It has four types of generators: two standard braid generators and two of singular type. Then we state relations on words that follow from topological Yoshikawa moves. As a direct application we will reprove some known theorem about twist-spun knots. We wish then to investigate an index associated to the closure of surface singular braid. Using our relations we will prove that there are exactly six types of knotted surfaces with the index less or equal to two, and there are infinitely many types of surface-knots with index equal to three. Towards the end we will construct a family of classical diagrams such that to unlink them requires at least four Reidemeister III moves.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Topology and its Applications - Volume 160, Issue 13, 15 August 2013, Pages 1773–1780
نویسندگان
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