Fouling of WO3 nanoparticle-incorporated PSf membranes in ultrafiltration of landfill leachate and dairy a combined wastewaters: An investigation using model

A simple combined membrane fouling model was developed based on an analogy between fouling mechanisms and electrical resistance circuit. The model had good agreement with ultrafiltration data of landfill leachate and dairy wastewater by synthesized nano-WO3/Polysulfone membranes. This new fouling model also exhibited a smooth transition between the common two-step successive pore blockage-cake filtration fouling phenomena.132