Optimum design approach based on integrated macro-ergonomics and resilience engineering in a tile and ceramic factory

Integrated resilience engineering (IRE) is a novel approach that has a foresight and proactive attitude towards improving the safety and reliability of complex industrial systems such as tile and ceramic factories. This study is an attempt to present an integrated mathematical approach for analyzing the impact of IRE and macro-ergonomics factors in a tile and ceramic factory. Moreover, this study aims to determine the optimum design approach based on integrated macro-ergonomics and resilience engineering. It also identifies the impact of such integration by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Data collection was performed in the tile and ceramic factory through questionnaire. Then, the reliability and validity coefficients of the data were calculated through Cronbach's alpha and factor analysis, respectively. Thereafter, the impact of IRE and macro-ergonomics factors is examined by means of data envelopment analysis (DEA) and fuzzy DEA approaches. The results show that the system efficiency is improved by integrating IRE and macro-ergonomics factors. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) also reveals that IRE factors are more effective than macro-ergonomics factors. This study is the first study that presents a robust design approach based on the integration of IRE and macro-ergonomics in a ceramic and tile factory. Second, a unique and integrated approach is presented based on DEA, FDEA, PCA and ANOVA to achieve the above objective. Third, it identifies the weight of each factor through mathematical modeling approach. Fourth, it is a practical approach and may be used to identify the weaknesses and strengths of such systems.