n-Widths, sup–infs, and optimality ratios for the k-version of the isogeometric finite element method

We begin the mathematical study of the k-method utilizing the theory of Kolmogorov n-widths. The k-method is a finite element technique where spline basis functions of higher-order continuity are employed. It is a fundamental feature of the new field of isogeometric analysis. In previous works, it has been shown that using the k-method has many advantages over the classical finite element method in application areas such as structural dynamics, wave propagation, and turbulence.The Kolmogorov n-width and sup–inf were introduced as tools to assess the effectiveness of approximating functions. In this paper, we investigate the approximation properties of the k-method with these tools. Following a review of theoretical results, we conduct a numerical study in which we compute the n-width and sup–inf for a number of one-dimensional cases. This study sheds further light on the approximation properties of the k-method. We finish this paper with a comparison study of the k-method and the classical finite element method and an analysis of the robustness of polynomial approximation.