Microfluidic electrochemical devices for pollution analysis-A review

Pollution of environment represents serious issue, which deserves increased attention. Conventional laboratory techniques, which rely on bench-top devices, do not satisfy nowadays demands for in situ analysis. Progresses in microfabrication technologies enabled significant miniaturization of fluidic analytical devices and laid the foundations of microfluidics. This review focuses on electrochemical microfluidic analysers for environmental applications with emphasis on direct electrochemical detection without any separation step. Particularly, we paid the attention to advantages and disadvantages of the developed device and summarized their application for detection of pH, metals, nitrate and nitrite ions, phenols, pesticides and herbicides, and bacteria.