Larvicidal property of green synthesized silver nanoparticles against vector mosquitoes (Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti)

Mosquito vectors spread severe human diseases which lead to millions of deaths every year. Vector management is ultimately aimed to develop the health of every individual's life by reducing the mosquito diversity. Control of vectors in growing counties is an important issue with various aspects. The advancement of green nanotechnology will attribute the solution for vector controlling policy. To identify the larvicidal property of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Belosynapsis kewensis (B. kewensis) leaf extract against the Anopheles stephensi (A. stephensi) and Aedes aegypti (A. aegypti) in vitro study (LC50 and LC90) was analyzed. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-vis. (Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red spectroscopy), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), and XRD (X-ray Diffraction). Green AgNPs have a maximum absorption at 411 nm. The FTIR spectrum showed prominent peaks in (3863.55, 3759.02, 3361.01, 2926.81, 1575.12, 1388.16, 1034.79, 821.96, 717.07, 590.92, 534.32 and 472.42 cm−1) in the region of 4000-400 cm−1. The XRD peaks shown at 27.4°, 35.90°, 37.20°, 51.23° and 71.10° correspond to (3 1 1), (1 0 0), (1 0 1), (1 0 4) and (0 0 6) planes for face centered cubic (FCC). The TEM image showed the NPs with an average size of 24 ± 1.6 nm. In vitro larvicidal activity of AgNPs was used against the fourth instar of A. stephensi and A. aegypti. The LC50 and LC90 values of AgNPs showed to be effective against A. stephensi (LC50 = 78.4; LC90 = 144.7 ppm) followed by A. aegypti (LC50 = 84.2; LC90 = 117.3 ppm). These results recommend that the green synthesized AgNPs have a potential to be used as a candidate for the control of A. stephensi and A. aegypti through eco-friendly and cost effective approach.