Original research articleA restricted quantum deniable authentication protocol applied in electronic voting system

In some actual network such as electronic voting system, in order to count the number of the participants, the voters cannot deny taking part in a certain voting activity but the voters need deny the content of the voting. However the proposed quantum deniable authentication protocols cannot meet the above specific needs. Hence a restricted quantum deniable authentication protocol based on asymmetric quantum cryptography is proposed in this paper. Utilizing single-qubit rotations and one-way functions, this protocol can provide that the voter can deny the content of the sent message, but cannot deny taking part in electronic voting. Compared with our previous schemes, this new scheme has the remarkable advantages. Finally, security analysis results show that this protocol satisfies the basic security requirements of restricted deniable authentication protocol such as completeness, restricted deniability and no-counterfeiting.