Electro-optical tenability properties of defective one-dimensional photonic crystal

In this work, the optical transfer matrix formalism was applied to study the linear electro-optic effect on perfect and defective one-dimensional photonic crystal (1D-PC) composed of lithium niobate and polymer (polystyrene) multilayers. The effects of an external electrical field on the reflectance spectra of the proposed PCs were studied as a function of the angle of incidence and the types of polarization (TE and TM waves). The results show that, at a constant angle of the incident, the PBGs are shifted to shorter wavelengths for both TE and TM waves as the applied electric field increased. The position of defect mode decreases linearly from 1.401 to 1.379 μm for TM wave and from 1.398 to 1.377 μm for TE wave as the applied electric field increased from 0 to 100 v/μm at an angle of incident 50°. By increasing the angle of the incident from 0 to 50 ° at constant applied electric field, the position of PBG for both TE and TM are shifted toward the shorter wavelengths. In addition, the width of the PBGs of TE wave is increased from 0.334 to 0.358 μm and the width of the PBGs of TM wave is decreased from 0.334 to 0.248 μm at 100 v/μm. This study may be valuable for designing tunable photonic devices with driving electrical field, which has potential applications in the area of photonics and optoelectronics.