Polarization properties of Square Multi-Gaussian Schell-Model beam propagating through non-Kolmogorov turbulence

In this paper, analytical expressions for elements of the cross-spectral density matrix of Square Multi-Gaussian Schell-Model (SMGSM) beam, propagating in non-Kolmogorov turbulence, are derived based on the extended Huygens Fresnel integral. Polarization properties of the SMGSM beam are studied in detail based on the derived expressions. It is interesting to find that, apart from keeping the square flat shape of intensity distribution, polarization properties of the SMGSM beam, such as degree of polarization, the orientation angle and degree of ellipticity for the polarization ellipse also form square plateau distributions in the same areas as that of intensity distribution, and can preserve relatively long distance in atmospheric turbulence. This novel characteristic can be used for coherent light free space communications, polarization remote sensing and imaging in atmosphere.