Energy Metabolism of 28 World Countries: A Multi-scale Integrated Analysis

- The MuSIASEM approach is used to investigate the energy metabolism of 28 countries.
- Total energy throughput grew slower than GDP, resulting in an energy efficiency increases.
- The per capita energy consumption generally increased.
- Most countries increased the exosomatic metabolic rate of paid and household sectors.
- All the countries increased the energy throughput and the human time allocated to the service sector.

In this paper the Multi-Scale Integrated Analysis of Social Metabolism (MuSIASEM) is used to investigate the metabolic profile of 28 world countries. The years considered are 1995 and 2007 and the socio-economic and environmental data included in the World Input-Output Database (WIOD) are used to provide consistent comparisons between countries. The analyses are performed by considering the entire society (Level N), the household and the paid sectors (Level N-1) and the different economic sectors (Level N-2). The main results show that, despite the differences existing between countries, the increasing energy throughput and per-capita consumption contributed to change the metabolic profile of the countries considered in this paper.