Cost-efficient choice of measures in agriculture to reduce the nitrogen load flowing from the Danube River into the Black Sea

Furthermore, a linear optimisation model is developed which is used to ascertain the measure combinations which accomplish a politically demanded amount of reduction of the nitrogen load at minimum total costs ('cost-efficient solutions'), either at the national or international level. Optimisation at the international level turns out to be superior. Cost savings by an international choice of measures can be induced, and shared, by international compensation payments to be financed from these savings.