Out-of-equilibrium performance of three Lindahl mechanisms: Experimental evidence

► A comparison of three mechanisms whose Nash equilibria are Lindahl allocations. ► All three (Chen, Kim, Walker) are therefore Pareto efficient when in equilibrium. ► Chen and Kim converge but remain out of equilibrium; Walker fails to converge. ► The Chen mechanism exhibits very poor welfare properties when out of equilibrium. ► The Kim mechanism exhibits the best out-of-equilibrium welfare properties.