Modelling of liquid sloshing with constrained floating baffle

• An improved Consistent Particle Method is developed to reduce pressure fluctuation.
• The pressure Poisson equation with a hybrid source term is proposed.
• The performance of the proposed algorithm is validated by sloshing examples.
• Sloshing with a constrained floating baffle is simulated using the present method.
• Experimental studies are conducted to partially verify the numerical algorithm.

The recently developed Consistent Particle Method (CPM) is improved to eliminate pressure fluctuation such that fluid–structure interaction problems can be accurately simulated with a partitioned coupling procedure. The strategy of smoothing pressure is to combine a zero-density-variation condition and a velocity-divergence-free condition to enforce fluid incompressibility. The proposed algorithm is validated by hydrostatic and free-sloshing examples, which show better pressure results with less spurious fluctuations. Using the improved CPM, water sloshing with a constrained floating baffle (CFB) is successfully simulated. The effect of CFB in sloshing mitigation is investigated. Experimental studies are conducted to partially verify the numerical algorithm.