Antioxidant activity of 3-arylidene-4-piperidones in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging assay

The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay was used to determine the antioxidant activity of novel 3-benzylidene-3-methyl-2,6-diarylpiperidin-4-ones, which were efficiently synthesized in the presence of an eco-friendly montmorillonite-KSF clay catalyst. The synthesized compounds had significantly higher inhibitory concentration values than the reference antioxidant ascorbic acid in a dose-dependent manner. (Z)-3-(4-chlorobenzylidene)-2,6-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methylpiperidin-4-one and (Z)-3-(3-nitrobenzylidene)-5-methyl-2,6-bis(3-nitrophenyl)piperidin-4-one had much stronger antioxidant (p < 0.001) activity than ascorbic acid.