Influence of seawater and its aerosols on copper patina composition

► Copper patina was grown during one-year period on samples exposed to splash, tidal, full immersion sea zone and atmospheric aerosols. ► The cuprite and atacamite contributed most to patina formation. ► Atacamite became the sole majority phase in the full immersion zone. ► Cuprite decreased over time and posnjakite and chalcanthite appeared as minority phases. ► Copper patina composition is strongly influenced by chloride pollution and specific zone conditions.