First-principles simulations on the new hybrid phases of germanene with alkali metal atoms coverage

⿢The predicted new phase of complete lithiated germanene is more favorable to form than germanane.⿢Besides ionic interactions, covalent component in some extent leads the complete lithiated germanene into a semiconductor.⿢2D phases of Ge2X1 (X = Li, Na, K) are metallic with weak polarization.⿢Half-lithiated germanene exhibits local magnetic moments on the Ge atoms neighbored with Li adatoms.