Dye-sensitized solar cells based on TiO2 nanoparticles/nanobelts double-layered film with improved photovoltaic performance

The combination of TiO2 nanoparticle underlayer with a high specific surface area and TiO2 (B) nanobelts overlayer with close packing density via linear and planar contacts within one photoanode is promising in enhancing the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells.