Carbon nanotubes/hydroxyapatite nanocomposites fabricated by spark plasma sintering for bonegraft applications

► Multi-wall carbon nanotubes/hydroxyapatite (MWCNTs/HA) composites with 20%, 40% and 60% HA were fabricated successfully by spark plasma sintering (SPS). ► MWCNTs/HA composites kept the nanostructure of MWCNTs after SPS treatment. ► The in vivo reaction of four weeks showed that the MWCNTs/HA composites possessed better osseointegration compared to pure MWCNTs.