Front-illuminated dye-sensitized solar cells with Ag nanoparticle-functionalized freestanding TiO2 nanotube arrays

Freestanding TiO2 nanotube arrays can be filled with Ag NPs in their channel by simple UV irradiation. By using Ag NP-functionalized freestanding TiO2 nanotube arrays, frontilluminated DSSCs were fabricated and their energy conversion efficiencies were higher than without Ag NPs.