Probing substrate-induced perturbations on the band structure of graphene on Ni(1Â 1Â 1) by soft X-ray emission spectroscopy

- The electronic structure of graphene on Ni was investigated by NEXAFS and XES.
- The strong interaction between graphene and Ni induces perturbations on the valence-band DOS of graphene.
- The band-dispersion features of graphene are strongly disturbed by the Ni substrate.
- The graphene-metal bonding strength can be judged by the XES spectral shape change.