Tailoring the electronic and optical properties of rutile TiO2 by (Nb + Sb, C) codoping from DFT + U calculations

- Electronic and optical properties of (Nb + Sb, C) codoped rutile TiO2 are studied.
- (2Sb, C), (2Nb, C), (Nb + Sb, C) codoping results in band gap narrowing.
- The edges of optical absorption spectra for (Nb + Sb, C) codoping are red-shifted.
- (Nb + Sb, C) and (2Nb, C) codoping is more effective than C- and (2Sb, C) doping.