Clustering effects of GM1 and formation mechanisms of interdigitated liquid disordered domains in GM1/SM/CHOL-supported planar bilayers on mica surfaces

► The important influence of water layer adsorbed on the mica surface was found. ► ILDD structures are induced by both effects of GM1 clustering and mica surface. ► Sialic acid exposed to the SPB surface of ILDD causes the formation of fibriller Aβ.