Quantitative low-energy electron diffraction analysis of the GaN(0001¯) (1 × 1) reconstruction

► GaN(0001¯) (1 × 1) surface structure was investigated by quantitative LEED. ► The bare (1 × 1) structure is prepared by sample annealing in NH3 atmosphere. ► The bare surface without ad-layers is confirmed and agreed with ab initio calculations. ► Structure is kinetically stabilized and violated electron counting model.