Up and Down Conversion of Photons with modified Perturb and Observe MPPT technique for Efficient Solar Energy Generation

Despite many decades of research on the photovoltaic cells, still it is a great struggle to get efficiencies more than 25%. Transmission of low energy photons & thermalization of high energy photons are the two losses which form the backbone of the Shockley - Queisser limit. In this paper, a way to diminish both these losses along with modified Perturb and Observe MPPT method, which will boost the overall efficiency up to 35% is demonstrated. At first Singlet Exciton Fission is utilized as a down converting process for photons with energy greater than silicon bandgap of 1.12 eV in which a single high energy photon fissions into two photons of half the energy. Then, Triplet-Triplet Annihilation (TTA) is utilized as an up converting process for photons with energy less than 1.12 eV & wavelength more than 1100 nm in which two low-energy photons get converted into a single high-energy photon of twice the energy and finally Modified Perturb & Observe MPPT method with ZVS technique is used to reduce the DC to DC converter losses.