Which better predicts mortality among older men, a prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis or vulnerability on the Vulnerable Elders Survey (VES-13)? A retrospective cohort study

The mean age for men with a PCa diagnosis and controls was 77.9 years and 76.1 years, respectively. Of those with a PCa diagnosis, 74.6% had no active disease or a rising PSA only. Regardless of PCa diagnosis, vulnerable individuals on the VES-13 were more likely to die during the study period (VES-13 ≥ 3: HR = 4.46, p < 0.01; VES13 ≥ 6: HR = 3.77, p < 0.01). Men with a PCa diagnosis were not more likely to die compared to age-matched controls (VES-13 ≥ 3: HR = 1.14, p = 0.59; VES13 ≥ 6: HR = 1.06, p = 0.83). Vulnerability for men with a PCa diagnosis was more predictive of mortality. Therefore, the assessment of vulnerability is important for establishing goals of care.