Orai3 channel is the 2-APB-induced endoplasmic reticulum calcium leak

- Orai3 channels colocalize with IP3Rs in the endoplasmic reticulum.
- 2-APB activates Orai3 channels in the endoplasmic reticulum.
- Orai3 channels do not participate in the ER Ca2+ leak revealed by thapsigargin..
- Orai3 channels might have a role in limiting Ca2+ overload of the ER store.

We have studied in HeLa cells the molecular nature of the 2-APB induced ER Ca2+ leak using synthetic Ca2+ indicators that report changes in both the cytoplasmic ([Ca2+]i) and the luminal ER ([Ca2+]ER) Ca2+ concentrations. We have tested the hypothesis that Orai channels participate in the 2-APB-induced ER Ca2+ leak that was characterized in the companion paper. The expression of the dominant negative Orai1 E106A mutant, which has been reported to block the activity of all three types of Orai channels, inhibited the effect of 2-APB on the [Ca2+]ER but did not decrease the ER Ca2+ leak after thapsigargin (TG). Orai3 channel, but neither Orai1 nor Orai2, colocalizes with expressed IP3R and only Orai3 channel supported the 2-APB-induced ER Ca2+ leak, while Orai1 and Orai2 inhibited this type of ER Ca2+ leak. Decreasing the expression of Orai3 inhibited the 2-APB-induced ER Ca2+ leak but did not modify the ER Ca2+ leak revealed by inhibition of SERCA pumps with TG. However, reducing the expression of Orai3 channel resulted in larger [Ca2+]i response after TG but only when the ER store had been overloaded with Ca2+ by eliminating the acidic internal Ca2+ store with bafilomycin. These data suggest that Orai3 channel does not participate in the TG-revealed ER Ca2+ leak but forms an ER Ca2+ leak channel that is limiting the overloading with Ca2+ of the ER store.

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