Inhalational agents in anesthesia induced developmental neurotoxicity - Recent advances

Millions of children undergo surgeries and multiple procedures all throughout the world. Exposure of children to anesthetics during the stage of brain development has been a concern over past decade due to multiple preclinical evidences of Anesthesia Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity (AIDN). Epidemiological studies have found an association between surgery with anesthesia early in life and subsequent neurobehavioral abnormalities. However, substantial differences exist between animal and clinical studies, as well as between brain development in humans and model species.