A comprehensive analysis of continuous epidural analgesia's effect on labor and neonates in maternal hypertensive disorder patients

- No difference was detected for the period of first and second labor stage in continuous epidural analgesia treated patients.
- Continuous epidural analgesia treated patients required more oxytocin but much less antihypertensive treatment.
- The natural delivery ratio is higher in continuous epidural analgesia treated maternal hypertensive disorder patients.
- Continuous epidural analgesia administration increases 1 min Apgar score but does not have any other effect in neonates.

BackgroundMaternal hypertensive disorder is one of the most common and severe medical complications during pregnancy. Epidural analgesia administration is widely used during labor process.AimTo evaluate the potential advantage or disadvantage of continuous epidural analgesia's on labor and neonates for maternal hypertensive disorder patients comprehensively.MethodsWe have retrospectively analyzed 232 patients who diagnosed as maternal hypertensive disorder in our hospital since 2015. Among which, 126 patients including 28 cases of severe preeclampsia were administrated with continuous epidural analgesia (Analgesia group), the other 106 patients were untreated (Control group). We have compared the maternal age, body weight, gestational weeks, period for the first and second labor stage; the incidence of eclampsia, natural labor, cesarean section, forceps delivery and postpartum hemorrhage between these two groups respectively; furthermore, we recorded patients who received oxytocin and antihypertensive treatment during the delivery progress as well as evaluated the neonate body weight, Apgar score and performed umbilical cord blood gas analysis.ResultsContinuous epidural analgesia does not affect the first and second labor stage period(p = 0.36), However, there is a significantly higher demand for oxytocin treatment (36.5% Vs 19.8%, p < 0.01) and a significantly lower requirement for antihypertensive treatment (22.2% Vs 81.1%, p < 0.001) in analgesia group compared to control group.We also notice that the natural delivery ratio in analgesia group is higher than control group and most importantly, continuous epidural analgesia can increase 1 min Apgar score and has no other effect on neonates' body weight, umbilical cord blood gas parameters, 5 min and 10 min Apgar score.ConclusionsOur result based on a large cohort comprehensive analysis indicates that continuous epidural analgesia can benefit both maternal hypertensive disorder patients and neonates without any side effect.