Effect of Passive Ultrasonic Activation on Organic Tissue Dissolution from Simulated Grooves in Root Canals Using Sodium Hypochlorite with or without Surfactants and EDTA

The addition of a surfactant to NaOCl and/or PUI activation increased palatal mucosa dissolution within artificial grooves in the root canal of incisor teeth. PUI agitation was often able to compensate for the absence of surfactants.