Oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene to 1,3-butadiene over multicomponent bismuth molybdate (MII9Fe3Bi1Mo12O51) catalysts: Effect of divalent metal (MII)

Multicomponent bismuth molybdate (MII9Fe3Bi1Mo12O51) catalysts with different divalent metal (MII = Mg, Mn, Co, Ni, and Zn) were prepared by a co-precipitation method, and were applied to the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene to 1,3-butadiene. Effect of divalent metal (MII) on the catalytic performance of MII9Fe3Bi1Mo12O51 catalysts was investigated. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements were conducted to determine the oxygen mobility of MII9Fe3Bi1Mo12O51 catalysts. It was found that the catalytic performance of MII9Fe3Bi1Mo12O51 catalysts was closely related to the oxygen mobility of the catalysts. The yield for 1,3-butadiene was monotonically increased with increasing oxygen mobility of the catalysts. Among the catalysts tested, the Co9Fe3Bi1Mo12O51 catalyst with the highest oxygen mobility showed the best catalytic performance in the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene.