Delayed Obstruction With Asymptomatic Loss of Renal Function After Dextranomer/Hyaluronic Acid Copolymer (Deflux) Injection for Vesicoureteral Reflux: A Close Look at a Disturbing Outcome

Dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer (Deflux) first received Food and Drug Administration approval in 2001 for endoscopic injection in children with grade II-IV vesicoureteral reflux VUR. As experience has grown, Deflux has been used more liberally with encouraging results. We report 3 cases where Deflux was used in off-label fashion, resulting in delayed ureteral obstruction and loss of renal function (range 18-52 months postoperatively). We now place increased emphasis on the need for long-term follow-up after Deflux in both routine and complex cases, particularly in situations of off-label use.