Papillary Recurrence of Bladder Cancer at First Evaluation after Induction Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Therapy: Implication for Clinical Trial Design

Low-grade clinical Ta papillary recurrence following induction of bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy can be safely managed conservatively, although a high-grade clinical Ta recurrence should be treated similar to a clinical T1 recurrence due to its comparable progression rates.