Determinants of traffic injuries in drivers and motorcyclists involved in an accident

Basic information on the risk factors of road traffic injuries in Iran is scarce. This case–control study was conducted to determine the association of potential risk factors with the incidence of injury among motor vehicle drivers and motorcyclists on Qazvin-Loshan Road. The cases were 175 drivers and motorcyclists who had a road traffic accident (RTA) and sustained an injury. The controls were 175 motorists who had a RTA, on the same road and over the same time period, without suffering any injury. The analyses were separately performed by comparing the controls with mildly and severely injured cases, using New Injury Severity Score (NISS) 15 as a threshold. The results showed that fire following collision was significant in the crude analysis of all 175 cases and controls. The severity of collision, vehicle type (motorcycle versus other vehicle crashes), and gender were significant in the multivariable analyses of both mildly and severely injured cases. Safety equipment use is only significant (adjusted odds ratio, AOR = 0.44, 95% confidence interval, 95%CI = 0.23–0.84) among mild cases. The number of collisions (AOR = 3.87, 95%CI = 1.64–9.10) and weather conditions (AOR = 4.32, 95%CI = 1.13–16.5) only associate significantly with the occurrence of road traffic injury in severe cases, in comparison with the controls.