Low molecular weight fucoidan ameliorating the chronic cisplatin-induced delayed gastrointestinal motility in rats

Delayed gastrointestinal (GI) motility is frequent adverse effect associated with chemotherapy due to oxidative stress, activation of 5-HT3 receptors or serotonin releases from enterochromaffin cells. Fucoidan, extracts from brown seaweeds, has been showed antioxidant related favorable pharmacological activities including digestive tract protective effects. Low molecular weight fucoidan (LMF) obtained by acid hydrolysis of high molecular weight fucoidan has been showed more favorable bioactivities. This study was conducted to determine whether or not LMF can prevent delayed GI motility induced by the antineoplastic drug cisplatin chronically administered, once per week for five consecutive weeks. LMF ameliorating the chronic cisplatin treatment related body weight decreases, delayed GI motility, and enhanced the antioxidant defense systems. In addition, LMF also inhibited the cisplatin treatment related GI gastrin and serotonin changes, including enzyme activities involved in serotonin metabolism and enterochromaffin cells. The overall effects of LMF 10 mg/kg were similar to that of ondansetron 1 mg/kg, a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. The present results supported that LMF have favorable ameliorating effect on the delayed GI motility induced by chemotherapy, modulated the GI enterochromaffin cells, serotonin and gastrin-producing cells with antioxidant effects. This effect of LMF may help improve accompanying digestive disorders by chemotherapy.

► Low molecular weight fucoidan (LMF) obtained from sporophylls of Undaria pinnatifida. ► Effects of LMF on chemotherapy induced delayed gastrointestinal motility. ► LMF ameliorating cisplatin-induced gastrointestinal dysfunctions including enterochromaffin cells. ► LMF enhanced the gastrointestinal antioxidant defense systems and modulated serotonin metabolizing enzymes. ► LMF may help improve accompanying digestive symptoms by chemotherapy.