The influence of high and low heeled shoes on EMG timing characteristics of the lumbar and hip extensor complex during trunk forward flexion and return task

The results of this study suggest that high-heels alter trunk and hip extensor muscle coordination patterns. These findings, when considered in combination with other recent findings on the biomechanical effects of wearing high-heels, raise concern about whether wearing high heels results in abnormal spine loading patterns and increases the risk for developing musculoskeletal injuries.