Primary pulmonary vein stenosis in a premature infant without bronchopulmonary dysplasia: A case report

Primary pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) presenting in childhood is uncommon and is related to premature with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Here we present a premature infant with primary PVS and without BPD. In our case, a 19-month-old girl was diagnosed with PVS, atrial septal defect and patent arterial duct by echocardiography and selective pulmonary artery angiography. Interestingly in the first 2 month after birth, there was no clue of PVS by bed echocardiography in the patient. It is important to focus on the pulmonary vein blood velocity in premature infants and very low birth weight infants even without BPD.