A common environmental contaminant affects sexual behavior in the clawed frog, Xenopus tropicalis

► Xenopus tropicalis was evaluated for understanding endocrine disruption of sexual behavior. ► Low doses of a common GnRH-agonist induced male, but not female sexual behaviors. ► Exposure to either estradiol or the common contaminant, 4-tert-octylphenol, induced an increase in male sexual behavior compared to unexposed controls. ► X. tropicalis is an appropriate model to screen for behavioral impacts following exposure to endocrine disrupting compounds.