Comparison of the effects of two low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goals for secondary prevention after acute myocardial infarction in real-world practice: ≥ 50% reduction from baseline versus < 70 mg/dL

- Patients with ≥ 50% LDL-C reduction had a 47% risk reduction in 2-year major cardiac events.
- Patients with LDL-C levels < 70 mg/dL at 1 year did not have a significant reduction in 2-year major cardiac events.
- The beneficial effects of obtaining a ≥ 50% LDL-C reduction were prominent in patients less than 65 years of age.

BackgroundThe present study compared the effects of two low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals for secondary prevention after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in real-world practice.Methods and resultsOf 3091 consecutive patients with AMI who had baseline LDL-C levels ≥ 70 mg/dL and underwent successful percutaneous coronary intervention, 1305 eligible patients who received discharge statin prescriptions were analyzed. Patients were categorized into 2 groups according to the values of LDL-C at 1 year in two different manners using percent reduction from baseline (≥ 50% reduction, n = 428 versus < 50% reduction, n = 877) and fixed levels (< 70 mg/dL, n = 625 versus ≥ 70 mg/dL, n = 680). The primary outcome was defined by the composite of 2-year major cardiac events including cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, and coronary artery bypass grafting after hospital discharge. At 2 years, major cardiac events occurred in 139 patients (10.7%). Compared with < 50% LDL-C reduction from baseline, patients with ≥ 50% LDL-C reduction had a 47% risk reduction in major cardiac events (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.36 to 0.79; P = 0.002). But, compared with LDL-C levels ≥ 70 mg/dL at 1 year, patients with LDL-C levels < 70 mg/dL at 1 year had a similar risk of major cardiac events (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval, 0.68 to 1.34; P = 0.793).ConclusionsObtaining a ≥ 50% reduction in LDL-C was associated with better clinical outcomes after AMI in real-world practice, whereas achieving a < 70 mg/dL was not.