The mental health and quality of life of adult patients with congenital heart disease

BackgroundThe quality of life (QoL) of adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) has gained significant interest. In addition to medical problems, many patients with CHD face psychosocial, educational, and behavioral challenges. However, few studies have examined the relationship between disease severity and QoL in adults with CHD.MethodsEighty-five patients (50 men, 35 women) aged 20-52 years (median, 26.5 years) were enrolled. Patients underwent a QoL, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) survey. The scores were compared with those of age- and gender-matched population data according to the degree of underlying CHD. Disease severity was classified in relation to initial diagnosis, illness course, and current functional status (New York Heart Association [NYHA] class, ability index, CHD functional index, ventricular ejection fraction, and peak VO2).ResultsThere was no significant correlation between disease severity and current functional status assessed by BDI and BAI. Patients who stated that they were religious had better scores for resilience (p = 0.031), physical QoL (p = 0.008), and environmental QoL (p = 0.025). Environmental QoL scores were higher in patients who fully understood their disease (p = 0.004). Current NYHA functional class was associated with scores for psychological resilience.ConclusionsCHD severity had a detrimental impact on resilience only when measured in terms of poor functional status. The initial diagnosis and course of the illness influence QoL and perceived health. Good psychosocial adaptation could be the result of close family relationships and involvement, making mental adjustment easier.