Subclinical diastolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients with and without carotid atherosclerosis: Relationship with glyco-oxidation, lipid-oxidation and antioxidant status

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate subclinical diastolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients and its relationship with glyco-oxidation, lipo-oxidation and antioxidant capacity in the presence or absence of carotid plaques.BackgroundSubclinical diastolic dysfunction is the early stage of diabetic cardiomyopathy, the pathogenic mechanisms of which are still little known. In particular, few data are available on the role of glyco-oxidation, lipo-oxidation and antioxidant status, factors known to be involved in the atherosclerotic process.MethodsWe assessed myocardial systolic and diastolic functions in 57 consecutive asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients (24 patients with no carotid plaques; 33 with plaques) and 27 healthy volunteers using transthoracic echocardiography. Glyco-oxidation and lipo-oxidation parameters and antioxidant status were also evaluated in fasting venous blood samples.ResultsSystolic function was similar between diabetic patients and controls, while most of the diastolic parameters (A, e′, E/A, E/e′) differed significantly between diabetics and controls, being worse in the former. Among the diastolic parameters, only the peak late diastolic velocity A differed significantly between the two groups of diabetic patients with no carotid plaques and with plaques (0.72 ± 0.16 m/s vs 0.84 ± 0.25 m/s, p < 0.05). The diastolic parameters A and E/e′ related to glycemic control, glyco-oxidation and antioxidant capacity, and to LDL size and density.ConclusionsGlyco-oxidation and antioxidant status, combined with the presence of small, dense LDL correlate with subclinical diastolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients. Atherosclerotic lesions are associated with an altered atrial function.