Morphology-dependent selective hydrogenation catalysis of hollow AuCu bimetallic nanostructures

• Fabrication of cubic, cuboctahedral and octahedral bimetallic AuCu hollow structure.
• Synthesizing AuCu by galvanic replacement of Au3+ on Cu2O templates.
• The cubic hollow structure of AuCu exhibits a superior catalytic efficiency.
• Investigating the role of Cu in catalytic performance of bimetallic AuCu.
• Investigating the dependence of reaction rate constant to NaBH4 concentration.

We synthesized hollow AuCu bimetallic nanostructures using a Cu2O template and evaluated their hydrogen dissociation performance. The formation of a superstructural bimetallic and well-inherited shape was confirmed using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The AuCu bimetallic nanostructures were tested for the catalytic reduction of o-nitroaniline to 1,2-benzenediamine, and they showed much better catalytic activity than pure Au. The hollow AuCu cubic structure exhibited superior catalytic efficiency (reaction rate constant = 0.33 min−1) compared with other structures such as a cuboctahedral structure (0.08 min−1), an octahedral structure (0.17 min−1), and pure Au (0.06 min−1). Furthermore, we examined the dependence of o-nitroaniline reduction activity of the hollow AuCu hybrids on NaBH4 concentration. The reaction rate constant became saturated at a lower NaBH4 concentration for Au nanoparticles, while its saturation occurred at a higher NaBH4 concentration in the case of hollow AuCu nanostructures.

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