Synthesis and characterization of mesoporous ceria/alumina nanocomposite materials via mixing of the corresponding ceria and alumina gel precursors

Mesoporous ceria/alumina, CeO2/Al2O3, composites containing 10, 20 and 30% (w/w) ceria were prepared by a novel gel mixing method. In the method, ceria gel (formed via hydrolysis of ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate by aqueous ammonium carbonate solution) and alumina gel (formed via controlled hydrolysis of aluminum tri-isopropoxide) were mixed together. The mixed gel was subjected to subsequent drying and calcination for 3 h at 400, 600, 800 and 1000 °C. The uncalcined (dried at 110 °C) and the calcined composites were investigated by different techniques including TGA, DSC, FTIR, XRD, SEM and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms. Results indicated that composites calcined for 3 h at ⩽800 °C mainly kept amorphous alumina structure and γ-alumina formed only upon calcinations at 1000 °C. On the other hand, CeO2 was found to crystallize in the common ceria, cerinite, phase and it kept this structure over the entire calcination range (400–1000 °C). Therefore, high surface areas, stable surface textures, and non-aggregated nano-sized ceria dispersions were obtained. A systematic texture change based on ceria ratio was observed, however in all cases mesoporous composite materials exposing thermally stable texture and structure were obtained. The presented method produces composite ceria/alumina materials that suit different applications in the field of catalysis and membranes technology, and throw some light on physicochemical factors that determine textural morphology and thermal stability of such important composite.

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