Surgical and Chemotherapeutic Management of Regional Lymph Nodes in Bladder Cancer

Recent findings have continued to lend strong support to the value of extended lymphadenectomy, and 2 ongoing phase III trials will help determine the survival benefit of extended lymphadenectomy. Further improvements in preoperative risk stratification, including advances in imaging technology, may help refine decisions regarding the extent of surgery and the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in these individuals.