Increased Expression of Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1α and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Associated With Glomerulation Formation in Patients With Interstitial Cystitis

Our findings identified increased expression of HIF-1α in bladder tissue and overexpression of VEGF in umbrella cells from patients with IC. These events may be associated with glomerulation formation during hydrodistention in IC bladders. Thus, these molecular findings could offer the therapeutic mechanism for hyperbaric oxygenation application to patients with IC.