An approximate model to predict near-surface ratcheting of rails under high traction coefficients

The approximate model has been validated with results from finite element simulations and calibrated for R260 rail steel with data from twin disc tests. In addition, a parametric study has been performed to show the model behavior as a function of creep, in which the interaction with wear as an independent mechanism is taken into account. Application of the model to results of multi-body system simulations of the metro system in Vienna shows that the prediction of the crack pattern at the rail surface is feasible with the chosen approach.