کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
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6218695 | 1607423 | 2016 | 4 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
ObjectiveTo examine the integrity (pH, bacterial counts, host defense factors, nutrient contents, and osmolality) of freshly expressed and previously refrigerated human milk subjected to long-term freezer storage.Study designMothers donated 100âmL of freshly expressed milk. Samples were divided into baseline, storage at â20°C (fresh frozen) for 1, 3, 6, and 9 months, and prior storage at +4°C for 72âhours (refrigerated frozen) before storage at â20°C for 1 to 9 months. Samples were analyzed for pH, total bacterial colony count, gram-positive and gram-negative colony counts, and concentrations of total protein, fat, nonesterified fatty acids, lactoferrin, secretory IgA, and osmolality.ResultsMilk pH, total bacterial colony count, and Gram-positive colony counts decreased significantly with freezer storage (Pâ<â.001); bacterial counts decreased most rapidly in the refrigerated frozen group. The gram-negative colony count decreased significantly over time (Pâ<â.001). Nonesterified fatty acid concentrations increased significantly with time in storage (Pâ<â.001). Freezing for up to 9 months did not affect total protein, fat, lactoferrin, secretory IgA, or osmolality in either group.ConclusionsFreezer storage of human milk for 9 months at â20°C is associated with decreasing pH and bacterial counts, but preservation of key macronutrients and immunoactive components, with or without prior refrigeration for 72âhours. These data support current guidelines for freezer storage of human milk for up to 9 months for both freshly expressed and refrigerated milk.
Journal: The Journal of Pediatrics - Volume 177, October 2016, Pages 140-143